Colosseum The Colosseum in Rome, Italy, is an oval amphitheatre just east of the Roman Forum and is the largest ancient amphitheatre ever built. Construction began with the emperor Vespasian 72 ad, being completed in 80 ad under his successor emperor Titus, with f urther construction continuing under emperor Domitian. Under the era of these three emperors known as the Flavian dynasty, the amphitheatre was named the Flavian Amphitheatre by later classicists and archaeologists for its association with their family name ( Flavius ) . Although the Colosseum is one of the main tourist site locations, it doesn't fit in with placing of other important sites and their meanings. At the time of construction, it would have been near to the edge of the city. The amphitheatre hosts three tiers and one sub level known as hypogeum. It not only hosted gladiatorial battles but also theatrical events like battles, chariot racing, and Olympic games. It was known that it once hosted a water battle
Trethevy Quoit
Trethevy Quoit is considered a megalithic structure and is located in Cornwall.
The site is owned and managed by the Cornwall Heritage Trust.
The stones are about two kilometres from other monuments such as The Hurlers, The Pipers, Craddock Moor stone circle, and Rillaton Barrow.
Coordinates
50.493181,-4.455449
Description
The structure is made up of six stone slabs. One slab caps the others and has a hole to one side. Another small, rectangular stone is considered the seventh stone and entrance stone that can be moved for access.
It has been suggested that the stones were covered, which would be quite normal for a building used as a gnomon. The purpose would be to eliminate excess light and could have been used during the day.
Trethevy Quoit is located on a slightly raised area surrounded by seven hills.
The average elevation of the site is 221 metres.
The gnomon was likely used for stargazing, aligning with a star or celestial object.
Analysis
The monument is currently angled at 39° toward the northwest, and the upper slab is angled at 39° to the surface. The gnomon can also be considered at this angle.
Circumference
40075 × cos(50.493) = 25494.5 km
50.493181°-23.45°=27.043181
66−0.043181=65.956819°
65.956819+23.45°=89.406819°
89.406819° as degrees minutes second is equal to 89° 24' 24.5484"
Polaris
Right ascension 02h 31m 49.09s
Declination +89° 15′ 50.8″
Proper motion
RA 198.8±0.20 mas/yr
Dec -15±0.30 mas/yr
Such large buildings used as a gnomon usually track one object, such as the Moon.
Currently, at a latitude of 50.493181° north, it suggests it tracked something centered on 50.493181° and possibly lower toward the horizon.
Calculations
Some possible celestial objects.
At +45° 16′ 49″ Declination there is Deneb a star in the constellation Cygnus.
50.493181-45.280278=5.212903°
As a year, 5.212903° equals 3363 years or 1378 BCE.
(5.212903 ÷ 1.55) × 1000 = 3363
3363 − 1985 = 1378
At +38° 47′ 01.2802 Declination there is Vega a star in the constellation Lyra.
50.493181-38.783611=11.709571°
As a year, 11.709571° is equivalent to 7554 years or 5570 BCE.
(11.709571 ÷ 1.55) × 1000 = 7554
7554 - 1985 = 5570
Another possibility is that since the angles are near to 5.5 and 11, which were construction ratios, a date can be ascertained from them. This could be either a direct date BCE or by subtracting 1985.
5.5 ÷ 1.55 = 3.548
3.548 × 1000 = 3548
11 ÷ 1.55 = 7.096
7.096 × 1000 = 7096
This produces 3548 BCE or 7096 BCE.
(Or 1563 BCE and 5111 BCE)
Conclusion
Although it is possible that the hole was made naturally, it is more likely that it was carved for use as a gnomon. This was possible with stone tools as early as 5570 BCE.
As a gnomon, it would be used for observing a celestial object. The angle is very near to Polaris in 2024, 39 years from maximum tilt. Since this event occurs every 25772 years, it can be assumed that it aligns with 1985.
With a right ascension of 02h 31m currently, it would best align during a winter month at sunset.
The 39° could be assumed to be a winter month angle currently for sunset.
With people's capabilities in the Neolithic, carving a hole in a stone slab would be difficult, and there is a small angle of variation that can be associated with this.
In keeping with other monuments and stone circles, an alignment to maximum tilt and a year of construction would be included. The year of construction would be the 3rd or 4th millennium BCE. Some years between 5570 and 1378 BCE include these dates.
Deneb by itself does not quite equal 5.5 as a difference from the location, but it was an important number during the construction of monuments in the 3rd millennium BCE.
This possibly suggests that it is an altered monument from a time when 5.5 and 11 were being used as construction ratios.
The gnomon suggested 1378 and 5570 BCE.
It also holds a similarity to tombs on Corsica and Sardinia and may have appeared much like them.
From the area, other monuments like The Hurlers date to 637 BCE. The Pipers are considered to date to 2285 BCE/1912 BCE. Craddock Moor stone circle could be from the Bronze Age, and Rillaton Barrow might also be from the Bronze Age.
This suggests this area was clear of other monuments and burial chambers at the time of construction but might have had a larger Neolithic tomb located nearby; this could possibly be Rillaton Barrow as the stones are of similar size. From this, Rillaton Barrow could be Neolithic, and later archaeological finds suggest that it dates earlier. The Pipers could be connected, as the date alignment suggests 2285 BCE, which matches the finds.
The suggestion of the celestial alignment may be inaccurate, but there is a slight tilt to the gnomon that favors Deneb, albeit at a later date. There are also other stars that could have aligned at the time. The use of the stones suggests 2300–2200 BCE. The angles between the lower dates are 3.36° apart.
Archeology77 ©
From the area, other monuments like The Hurlers date to 637 BCE. The Pipers are considered to date to 2285 BCE/1912 BCE. Craddock Moor stone circle could be from the Bronze Age, and Rillaton Barrow might also be from the Bronze Age.
This suggests this area was clear of other monuments and burial chambers at the time of construction but might have had a larger Neolithic tomb located nearby; this could possibly be Rillaton Barrow as the stones are of similar size. From this, Rillaton Barrow could be Neolithic, and later archaeological finds suggest that it dates earlier. The Pipers could be connected, as the date alignment suggests 2285 BCE, which matches the finds.
The suggestion of the celestial alignment may be inaccurate, but there is a slight tilt to the gnomon that favors Deneb, albeit at a later date. There are also other stars that could have aligned at the time. The use of the stones suggests 2300–2200 BCE. The angles between the lower dates are 3.36° apart.
Archeology77 ©
Comments
Post a Comment