Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa The Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa are located in Alexandria, Egypt. Half a kilometer to the northeast is the Serapeum of Alexandria, which is another archaeological site in the area. The Serapeum of Alexandria is considered to have been built by the Greeks in the 3rd century BC. Coordinates 31.178942, 29.893170 Description The site is thought to date to the Hellenistic period, and Roman, Greek, and Egyptian cultural attributes can be found throughout. The site is considered to have three levels dug into the rock, being up to 35 meters deep. The Catacombs consist of a triclinium, dining room, rotunda, Hall of Caracalla, and sarcophagi. The entrance is from the southeast side near the staircase at a 40° angle. The Catacombs' size is 25 metres by 50 metres. It is thought the site was an earlier burial ground where visitors brought clay pots of food for themselves, leaving the pots as they departed. Hence, this is where the name derived from. Analysis The tomb...
The Temple of Augustus is a well-preserved Roman temple in the city of Pula, Croatia. It is very similar to the Temple of Caesar in Rome, Italy.
The Temple of Augustus stood on the left side of a central temple, and the similar temple of the goddess Diana stood on the other side of the main temple.
The temple is believed to have been built for Augustus during his reign, which lasted from 2 bc to 14 ad. There were six pillars on the facade.
Measurements
17.85 m in length or 40.20 cubitum
Measurements
17.85 m in length or 40.20 cubitum
8.05 m in width or 18.13 cubitum
14 m in height or 31.53 cubitum
Roman Units
The Roman cubit (cubitum) was 1½ Roman feet (17.48 inches).
Roman Units
The Roman cubit (cubitum) was 1½ Roman feet (17.48 inches).
Five Roman feet made a pace (passus), 1.48 metres (58.23 inches).
Interpretation
The measurements multiplied equaled 2012 and, like those of the Pantheon in Rome, were a measurement of 2012 that equalled a year from a construction date. The date equates to 3.12°, which is roughly 0.0235 away from π.
17.85 × 8.05 × 14 = 2011.7
Interpretation
The measurements multiplied equaled 2012 and, like those of the Pantheon in Rome, were a measurement of 2012 that equalled a year from a construction date. The date equates to 3.12°, which is roughly 0.0235 away from π.
17.85 × 8.05 × 14 = 2011.7
2011.7 ÷ 1000 = 2.0117
2.011695 × 1.55 = 3.12
3.12 − π = 0.0235
If it was meant to be π, it would align with August 2024. It could also be π, as the volume (2011.7) plus the date of death (14 ad) equates to π as an angle.
Temple of Divus Augustus
The Temple of Divus Augustus was originally built to commemorate the deified first Roman emperor, Augustus. It was constructed between the Palatine and Capitoline Hills, behind the Basilica Julia, on the site of the house that Augustus had inhabited before entering public life in the mid-1st century bc.
Temple of Divus Augustus
The Temple of Divus Augustus was originally built to commemorate the deified first Roman emperor, Augustus. It was constructed between the Palatine and Capitoline Hills, behind the Basilica Julia, on the site of the house that Augustus had inhabited before entering public life in the mid-1st century bc.
It is unclear whether it was built by his successor Tiberius and Augustus' widow Livia or by Tiberius alone.
It was not until after Tiberius' death in 37 CE that the temple was finally completed and dedicated by his successor Caligula.
Temple of Augustus and Livia
The Temple of Augustus and Livia was built near the end of the first century ad and still stands today in Vienne, France.
Temple of Augustus and Livia
The Temple of Augustus and Livia was built near the end of the first century ad and still stands today in Vienne, France.
The Temple in Vienne was originally dedicated to Augustus, then rededicated to his wife, Livia, in AD 41 by her grandson, Claudius, the Roman emperor.
There are sixteen pillars that surround the front and sides.
Temple of Augustus in Barcelona
The Temple of Augustus in Barcelona was a Roman temple built during the Imperial period in the colony of Barcino (modern-day Barcelona).
Temple of Augustus in Barcelona
The Temple of Augustus in Barcelona was a Roman temple built during the Imperial period in the colony of Barcino (modern-day Barcelona).
Only four of the original thirty pillars still stand, but that is all that remains of the temple.
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Conclusion
From the Temple of Augustus, it can be seen that the Romans used volume to express a number, the same number that was used for the Pantheon in Rome.
The differences in the dimensions as a ratio are equal to the square root of the golden ratio plus 0.03.
3.85 ÷ 5.95 = 0.647
or √φ + 0.03
These numbers for the volume are derived from metres as opposed to a Roman foot or a cubitum (the ratio in cubitum is also √φ+0.03).
The condition of the other three temples is such that measurements cannot be used.
None of the measurement units produce whole numbers, but there is an alternative measurement from between the four temples.
If the angles at maximum tilt are used for the separation between the four, then the four angles are 65°, 73°, 4°, and 5° (these are not accurate angles, and the 73° is the angle from Rome to Pula).
If the measurements of the Temple of Augustus are used (in metres), dividing by the angle produces a number close to a cubit (0.523). If the measurements are multiplied by a cubit, more accurate angles are produced.
8.05 × 0.523 = 4.21°
14 × 0.523 = 7.322°
17.85 × 0.523 = 9.336°
Rome to Barcelona is just greater than 4°, this could suggest it is the 4.21° angle. Also, from Vienne to Pula the angle would be 5.13° and from Pula to Rome 73° as 10 × 7.322°.
This could suggest something as the 73° is connected to the height, the length is both angles, and the width is to Rome.
This could be interpreted in either direction: toward Pula in Croatia from Rome, or possibly as a joke.
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