Tomb of Ramesses II Ramesses II, also known as Ramesses the Great, was buried in Tomb KV7, located in the Valley of the Kings, Egypt. He was the son of Seti I and Tuya and reigned from 1279 to 1213 BCE. He constructed monuments at Abu Simbel, Abydos, Rame sseum, L uxor, a nd Karnak. Coordinates 25.740776,32.601625 Description Current measurements divide the tomb into three levels: level 1, the entrance corridor; level 2, the pillared chamber; and level 3, the burial chamber and rooms. 3D mapping of the tomb enables measurements to be taken. Measurements Entrance corridor; 22.90m by 2.61m /44 by 5 cubits Floor area: 220 sq cubits Opening in corridor 8.35m by 8.35m by 3.7m Floor area: 70 sq m² Volume: 259m³/1795 cubit³ Room off corridor 7.85×8.48×3.10 m Floor area: 66.50 sq m Volume: 206.4 m³/1442.5 cubit³ Room off corridor (2) 5.38×3.30×2.63 m Floor area: 46.7 sq m Volume 46.7 m³/326.4 cubit³ End of corridor 6.3×5.72×2.82 Floor area: 36 sq m Volume: 101.6 m³/7...
Khufu’s pyramid shafts
Do the internal shafts in Khufu’s pyramid mean anything?
Do the internal shafts in Khufu’s pyramid mean anything?
There has been some speculation as to the purpose of the shafts, which align north/south and are connected to both the King's and Queen's chambers. They vary in inclination, and there are a number of different measurements, but the ones used are listed below.
Using the angles from Khufu's pyramid (links below).
King’s Chamber 45°/32.5°
Queen’s Chamber 39.5°/39°
Analysis
The shaft angles vary by 5.5/6.5 between the two and 12.5°/0.5° between themselves. The curvature is 6.43° at 29° latitude, meaning at 23.5° tilt, the horizon would be 6.43° less. This also links with the ratio 7 by 5.5 at 51.8° inclination. A scaling factor of 11°/7° is also connected from construction.
As the pyramids are above the equator as Earth tilts towards Vega, their tilt location angle is subtracted from the tilt angle, and as it tilts back towards Polaris it is added.
(The expected location for the 39.5°/39° blocked Queen's shaft is used as if available)
Pyramids coordinate in degrees 29.99°
Maximum tilt at 25772 years is 20° +/-1.43°
(The 1.43° has been shown to just be 1.2°-1.22°, with the variation of obliquity to tilt has been shown to be +/-5° a difference of 0.155°
1.6275−1.4725=0.155°)
Connecting to stars
A possible star they might have aligned to is near Aldebaran (4h 35m 55.23907s +16° 30′ 33.4885″) at RA 4h 21' 20" Dec +20 48' 05" by the constellation Taurus. This was probably because it linked with maximum tilt angle.
Diagram
The colours in the diagram indicate the angle of tilt upper and angles in lower with effect of adding together.
Red 23.5° tilt
Orange 6.43° tilt due to location
Yellow 20° max tilt in 25772 years
Brown 2° max tilt + obliquity
Effective angles precessing towards the star Vega from 29.99° above the equator.
−6.43+23.5+20+2=39.07°
+7.155° eliptic=46.225°
(Currently =2019/Maximum =10867 bc)
39°/32.5° angles to vertical
Currently -17.07°+39°=21.93°
and -17.07+32.5°=15.43°
Max 21.93°+20°+2°+7.155°=51.085°
and 15.43°=44.585°
45°/39.5° angles to vertical
Currently 17.07°+45°=62.07°
and 17.07°+39.5°=56.57°
Max 62.07°-20°-2°-7.155°=32.92°
and 56.57°=27.42°
The southern shafts are at 45°/39.5°, the 39.5° shaft would tilt at 56.57° and the 45° shaft would tilt at 62.07°. The angles equate to an effective tilt of -17.07 in 2019 and -46.225° in 10867 bc at latitude 29.97 (29.99°). Of the stars listed, only Sirius at -16.72° falls into this area.
The two angles 45°/39.5° from the eliptic are 27.93°/33.43° with a difference of 12.29°/6.79° This equates to the years 5910 bc and 2361 bc, Sirius at 40.22° (-16.72°).
Tilt
Including the tilt variation from Polaris of 0.736° from 90° equates with
13.03°/7.53° and equals 6387 bc and 2836 bc.
Accurate tilt uses 23.43° and the angles produced are 12.96°/7.43° which equates to 6376/2808 bc from 1985 and 6410/2774 bc from 2019.
Northern Shafts
The northern shafts are 39°/32.5°, the 39° shaft would tilt at 21.93° and the 32.5° shaft would tilt at 15.43°.
39°/32.5° angles to vertical
Currently -17.07°+39°=21.93°
and -17.07+32.5°=15.43°
Max 21.93°+20°+2°+7.155°=51.085°
and 15.43°=44.585°
The angles equate to an effective tilt of 15.43° in 2019 and 51.085° in 10867 bc at latitude 29.97 (29.99°) (an effective angle of 59.15°). None of the stars listed fall into this area.
Upper Shafts
The upper shafts are 0.254m and lower 0.1778m, and the 39° is 240' long (72m). The angle equates to 0.0707° = 0°4'15" = or 0°8'30" width.
An area of 2.963ly about the star Mintaka at 1200ly distance would be perceived.
The constellation of Orion separation distance is 1.05°/1.1375°=2.1875° making it ×31 too small for the entire constellation.
Using the angles from Khufu's pyramid (links below).
King’s Chamber 45°/32.5°
Queen’s Chamber 39.5°/39°
Analysis
The shaft angles vary by 5.5/6.5 between the two and 12.5°/0.5° between themselves. The curvature is 6.43° at 29° latitude, meaning at 23.5° tilt, the horizon would be 6.43° less. This also links with the ratio 7 by 5.5 at 51.8° inclination. A scaling factor of 11°/7° is also connected from construction.
As the pyramids are above the equator as Earth tilts towards Vega, their tilt location angle is subtracted from the tilt angle, and as it tilts back towards Polaris it is added.
(The expected location for the 39.5°/39° blocked Queen's shaft is used as if available)
Pyramids coordinate in degrees 29.99°
Maximum tilt at 25772 years is 20° +/-1.43°
(The 1.43° has been shown to just be 1.2°-1.22°, with the variation of obliquity to tilt has been shown to be +/-5° a difference of 0.155°
1.6275−1.4725=0.155°)
Connecting to stars
A possible star they might have aligned to is near Aldebaran (4h 35m 55.23907s +16° 30′ 33.4885″) at RA 4h 21' 20" Dec +20 48' 05" by the constellation Taurus. This was probably because it linked with maximum tilt angle.
Diagram
The colours in the diagram indicate the angle of tilt upper and angles in lower with effect of adding together.
Red 23.5° tilt
Orange 6.43° tilt due to location
Yellow 20° max tilt in 25772 years
Brown 2° max tilt + obliquity
Effective angles precessing towards the star Vega from 29.99° above the equator.
−6.43+23.5+20+2=39.07°
+7.155° eliptic=46.225°
(Currently =2019/Maximum =10867 bc)
39°/32.5° angles to vertical
Currently -17.07°+39°=21.93°
and -17.07+32.5°=15.43°
Max 21.93°+20°+2°+7.155°=51.085°
and 15.43°=44.585°
45°/39.5° angles to vertical
Currently 17.07°+45°=62.07°
and 17.07°+39.5°=56.57°
Max 62.07°-20°-2°-7.155°=32.92°
and 56.57°=27.42°
The southern shafts are at 45°/39.5°, the 39.5° shaft would tilt at 56.57° and the 45° shaft would tilt at 62.07°. The angles equate to an effective tilt of -17.07 in 2019 and -46.225° in 10867 bc at latitude 29.97 (29.99°). Of the stars listed, only Sirius at -16.72° falls into this area.
The two angles 45°/39.5° from the eliptic are 27.93°/33.43° with a difference of 12.29°/6.79° This equates to the years 5910 bc and 2361 bc, Sirius at 40.22° (-16.72°).
Tilt
Including the tilt variation from Polaris of 0.736° from 90° equates with
13.03°/7.53° and equals 6387 bc and 2836 bc.
Accurate tilt uses 23.43° and the angles produced are 12.96°/7.43° which equates to 6376/2808 bc from 1985 and 6410/2774 bc from 2019.
Northern Shafts
The northern shafts are 39°/32.5°, the 39° shaft would tilt at 21.93° and the 32.5° shaft would tilt at 15.43°.
39°/32.5° angles to vertical
Currently -17.07°+39°=21.93°
and -17.07+32.5°=15.43°
Max 21.93°+20°+2°+7.155°=51.085°
and 15.43°=44.585°
The angles equate to an effective tilt of 15.43° in 2019 and 51.085° in 10867 bc at latitude 29.97 (29.99°) (an effective angle of 59.15°). None of the stars listed fall into this area.
Upper Shafts
The upper shafts are 0.254m and lower 0.1778m, and the 39° is 240' long (72m). The angle equates to 0.0707° = 0°4'15" = or 0°8'30" width.
An area of 2.963ly about the star Mintaka at 1200ly distance would be perceived.
The constellation of Orion separation distance is 1.05°/1.1375°=2.1875° making it ×31 too small for the entire constellation.
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