Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa The Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa are located in Alexandria, Egypt. Half a kilometer to the northeast is the Serapeum of Alexandria, which is another archaeological site in the area. The Serapeum of Alexandria is considered to have been built by the Greeks in the 3rd century BC. Coordinates 31.178942, 29.893170 Description The site is thought to date to the Hellenistic period, and Roman, Greek, and Egyptian cultural attributes can be found throughout. The site is considered to have three levels dug into the rock, being up to 35 meters deep. The Catacombs consist of a triclinium, dining room, rotunda, Hall of Caracalla, and sarcophagi. The entrance is from the southeast side near the staircase at a 40° angle. The Catacombs' size is 25 metres by 50 metres. It is thought the site was an earlier burial ground where visitors brought clay pots of food for themselves, leaving the pots as they departed. Hence, this is where the name derived from. Analysis The tomb...
Pantheon
Pantheon in Rome, Italy, is thought to have been commissioned by Marcus Agrippa during the reign of Augustus but was completed by the emperor Hadrian. Various additions were added from the original construction in 27 bc, but it is said to have burned down at least once, with further restoration work in the 20th century, including a metal reinforced roof.
Coordinates
41.898611, 12.476813
It can be said that the surface area of a sphere has the same surface area of a cylinder with the same radius.
The surface of the cylinder can be said to be at a ratio of 3:2 of that of a sphere along with its volume.
If the Pantheon is in the volume of a sphere, then its floor area would be the cross section of a sphere or one side of a cylinder (1526m²).
Facade
Width 116.74×30.48=35.58m
Side 47.78×30.48=14.56m
Area 518.2m²
Pantheon
Surface Area 4πr²
Sphere 4×π×22.04²=6104m²
Cylinder 9156-3052=6104m²
Roman Units
The Roman cubit (cubitum) was 1½ Roman feet (17.48 inches)
Five Roman feet made the pace (passus), 1.48 metres (58.23 inches).
With a diameter measured at 44.08m, then the following are produced.
=99.28 cubits
=148.92 ft
=29.78 pace
Conversion from metres to feet/cubitums for area/volume.
Cubitum 2.252/11.425
Foot 3.378/38.56
Pantheon
Volume 4/3πr³
Sphere 44845.97m
Cylinder 67268.95m
44845.97÷67268.95=0.666
The alternative diameter of 43.30m produces the following measurements for area and volume but notably doesn't alter the ratios.
Using 43.30m
Area 1472m²
Volume 42507m³
Conclusion
If there is a construction connection with the pyramids, then it could be linked to a ratio or a cubit. This is possible as the construction of the Pantheon was not long after the takeover of Egypt, with a connection to Julius Caesar. Buildings could have been influenced by events during their construction, along with methods and measurements.
The facade of the Pantheon has an area of 518m². This is the alternative error ratio of the pyramids at Giza.
Pantheon in Rome, Italy, is thought to have been commissioned by Marcus Agrippa during the reign of Augustus but was completed by the emperor Hadrian. Various additions were added from the original construction in 27 bc, but it is said to have burned down at least once, with further restoration work in the 20th century, including a metal reinforced roof.
Coordinates
41.898611, 12.476813
It can be said that the surface area of a sphere has the same surface area of a cylinder with the same radius.
The surface of the cylinder can be said to be at a ratio of 3:2 of that of a sphere along with its volume.
If the Pantheon is in the volume of a sphere, then its floor area would be the cross section of a sphere or one side of a cylinder (1526m²).
Facade
Width 116.74×30.48=35.58m
Side 47.78×30.48=14.56m
Area 518.2m²
Pantheon
Surface Area 4πr²
Sphere 4×π×22.04²=6104m²
Cylinder 9156-3052=6104m²
Roman Units
The Roman cubit (cubitum) was 1½ Roman feet (17.48 inches)
Five Roman feet made the pace (passus), 1.48 metres (58.23 inches).
With a diameter measured at 44.08m, then the following are produced.
=99.28 cubits
=148.92 ft
=29.78 pace
Conversion from metres to feet/cubitums for area/volume.
Cubitum 2.252/11.425
Foot 3.378/38.56
Pantheon
Volume 4/3πr³
Sphere 44845.97m
Cylinder 67268.95m
44845.97÷67268.95=0.666
The alternative diameter of 43.30m produces the following measurements for area and volume but notably doesn't alter the ratios.
Using 43.30m
Area 1472m²
Volume 42507m³
Conclusion
If there is a construction connection with the pyramids, then it could be linked to a ratio or a cubit. This is possible as the construction of the Pantheon was not long after the takeover of Egypt, with a connection to Julius Caesar. Buildings could have been influenced by events during their construction, along with methods and measurements.
The facade of the Pantheon has an area of 518m². This is the alternative error ratio of the pyramids at Giza.
With the ratio of area/volume connected to the sphere/cylinder, it can be said to be as
1÷(φ+0.05) or 3/2
and the floor area at 1526m² as
((1+cubit)+0.003)×1000
This uses the golden ratio and separation angle for volume and a cubit and queen's chamber error in the floor area.
The shorter diameter of 43.30m interestingly has an error of 0.05 from a cubit.
((1+cubit)-0.05)×1000
From the entrance of the Queen's chamber in Khufu's pyramid, a 2 by 3.28 cubit measurement is made. If this width/height difference is nearer to √φ, then the two ratios are 0.05 out (equal to pyramid separation distance). If the measurement is correct, then it could be 3.2808, which as a number is 1/100 of 100m in feet, although it doesn't adjust the ratio very much.
In metres, it appears as
(1.72÷1.046)=1.644 (φ+0.03)
Or roughly
(2+√φ)÷2
This, though, uses some numbers from both and leaves 10.46 (20 cubits).
Alternatively, considering that the period from its construction in 27 BC until 1985 equates to 2012 years, this converted into an angle is very nearly π. For it to be exactly π, it would have had to be built in 42 BC; as it stands, it is 0.02 away. Considering the shape and the uniqueness of its construction, connecting it with π and Romulus could have been a possibility, along with Julius Caesar's death, which might have postponed it for another event.
Also, with most Roman buildings, there wasn't any alignment north/south or east/west, and buildings were built leading away from temples and important buildings. As the Pantheon is considered quite important, it marked an important event (like victory over Greece and Egypt), but if it were even more important, it might have been connected to Romulus (the founder of Rome), and as such, its importance might never be fully understood.
Pantheon Rome
Archeology77 ©
From the entrance of the Queen's chamber in Khufu's pyramid, a 2 by 3.28 cubit measurement is made. If this width/height difference is nearer to √φ, then the two ratios are 0.05 out (equal to pyramid separation distance). If the measurement is correct, then it could be 3.2808, which as a number is 1/100 of 100m in feet, although it doesn't adjust the ratio very much.
In metres, it appears as
(1.72÷1.046)=1.644 (φ+0.03)
Or roughly
(2+√φ)÷2
This, though, uses some numbers from both and leaves 10.46 (20 cubits).
Alternatively, considering that the period from its construction in 27 BC until 1985 equates to 2012 years, this converted into an angle is very nearly π. For it to be exactly π, it would have had to be built in 42 BC; as it stands, it is 0.02 away. Considering the shape and the uniqueness of its construction, connecting it with π and Romulus could have been a possibility, along with Julius Caesar's death, which might have postponed it for another event.
Also, with most Roman buildings, there wasn't any alignment north/south or east/west, and buildings were built leading away from temples and important buildings. As the Pantheon is considered quite important, it marked an important event (like victory over Greece and Egypt), but if it were even more important, it might have been connected to Romulus (the founder of Rome), and as such, its importance might never be fully understood.
Pantheon Rome
Archeology77 ©
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