Skip to main content

Roman Amphitheatre of Uthina

Roman Amphitheatre of Uthina The Roman Amphitheatre of Uthina is located in Uthina , near Tunis, Tunisia .  Building for Uthina began in 40 BC and continued through to 135 AD. The amphitheatre may have been a later addition to what was already a large town.  Also located there were a fortress, cisterns, an aqueduct, a triumphal arch, a theatre, and a basilica with a circular crypt . Coordinates 36.608598,10.169214 Description The amphitheatre, partly buried, measures 113 by 90 meters. The arena measures 58 by 35 metres, giving surface areas of 7988 and 1539 square metres respectively.  There are four entrances, two main entrances at each end, with the seating area supported by three tiers of columns and arches. (Although these are no longer there, measurements and amphitheater descriptions rely on a complete building.) Measurements for the amphitheatre on site are 12 0 by 89 metres, with the arena measuring 67 by 36 metres. The surface areas measure 10680 an d 24...

Stonehenge

Stonehenge
Offered by CC BY-SA 3.0
Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument in Wiltshire, England, two miles (3 km) west of Amesbury.
Originally, the structure would have had a ring of stones on the outside row with larger stones in a circle on the inside. A portion of these stones still stands. The rough size of these stones is 4m tall by 2m wide by 0.5/0.75m thick.
Other points of interest in the area include several hundred tumuli, which are burial mounds, including Stonehenge Cursus and Lesser Woodhenge, not far from the site.

Coordinates 
51.178662,-1.826174

Neolithic 
Stonehenge could have initially been a marker direction point, possibly standing upright from the Neolithic, and one of many erected. These, for the Neolithic people, marked points of interest, altitude, or settlement locations.
Stonehenge Cursus and Lesser date to the Neolithic 4600 BC and most probably are a representation of the channel's Hurd Deep, with Stonehenge dating to 2500 BC.


Bronze Age
In about 3100/2900 BC, this area became more popular, and one set of trilithons was erected and aligned to the minor/major standstills. Along with the megalith, a long etched stone and a number of other stones may have been stacked towards the planets Saturn/Jupiter/Venus/Mars. Along with cup and ring marks, these people noted the movements of planets and stars.
These may not have been the stones currently standing there, but they had been updated by 2500 BC.


Ratio
There is a size ratio connected with the proportions of the structure, measured alternating in metres and feet due to the shape.
Reducing in size as rotating in proportions (metres), these numbers are:
1 - (2/3) - (1/3)
and (feet)
1 - (1/2) - (1/4)
= 0.52 and 0.45
= 5 ÷ 9 and 5 ÷ 2.

This would then equal as 0.55/2.5. An angle of 7° gives an alignment with the back stone and trilithon entrance. 
There is an aligned of between 20.9° and 24.5° with Woodhenge (obliquity of the ecliptic; the modern measurements of this are slightly different at 22.1° and 24.5°).

With the help of the heel stone, the 7° rotation equates to the year 2531 BC. Also, there are signs that the location may have been chosen because of the route from their source and the curves of the River Avon.
The Avebury stone circle, built only about 20 years earlier, may also be located based on stone location.

Iron Age
During the Iron Age, it was common to build embankments and ditches around villages, with some choosing to use Neolithic monuments.
In 800 BC, the monument may have been used as a dwelling, roofed, and fortified. 
This roof may have been made from branches in a circular pattern with timber upright supports.
Woodhenge would have featured upright logs positioned for significant alignment, which might have been taller than today's.


Measurements
The Neolithic/Early Bronze Age showed an increase in trade/travel, with ideas from different cultures influencing their thinking.
From this, using new measures of time, these produce distance measurements in months, feet, or degrees.

Preferred Neolithic distance measure
=1606.646/°
(160664.6 ÷ 5280 = 30.42)

Preferred Bronze Age measurement
=1609.344/1000/ft
(160934.4 ÷ 5280 = 30.48)

365.23 ÷ 13.66 = 26.739
2 × (1609.344 × 26.739) − 86400 = 336.618
336.618 − 360 = -23.38

25772 ÷ 30.48 = 845
40075 ÷ 1609.344 ×100 = 2490
40075 ÷ 1606.646 ×100 = 2494


Moon
Numbers associated with the moon are:
18.6 years precession of nodes
8.85 years precession of apsides
27.21/29.53 days in sidereal/synodic month
18.134°/28.725° lunar standstill


Alignment
There are five small stones inside the perimeter at spacings of 10°/7°/7°/7° from an angle of 35° - 66°. They all coincide onto a focal point where a stone with a groove would have laid. These would then align with the southwestern trilithons, and only the 45° angle would align through it; 40° - 45° would be the width (this isn't necessarily so, as one of the stones is no longer standing).
The total of these angles equals 31°. Three stones nearer are at the angles of 31° and 68° Half the difference between these angles equate as 18.5°.
37°÷2=18.5, making it 49.5°. 

Although due to the proximity of these stones and the focal point, these angle differences could also be 25.5°, 50°, and 70°, with differences of 24.5° and 20°, probably associated with maximum tilt and obliquity. Lunar standstill occurs every 13.66 days, about half a sidereal month, and could connect with the 31 and 66 numbers. There is a further small stone at 13° nearer the perimeter, but this aligns at the focal point.


Due to the widths and proximity of the small stones, various angles could be obtained, but assuming it is lunar and using the difference and not the angle, the following are produced.
Rotational alignment 45° - 52° = 7°
1st set stones aligned at 36° + 7°
2nd set stones aligned at 36° + 7° + 7°
Using fractions, two numbers, 29.4 and 4.2, are produced, applying a ratio of = 31.31. 

As Woodhenge is 2 miles away, applying the ratio of = 30.03 days.
An Ancient Egyptian calendar is split as 12 months, or 3 seasons (3 × 10) and 5 no days
(12 months of 30 in 3 seasons).
This could also be a latitude at 30.03°, which would locate something like Geriza fountain in Cairo and Idku at 31.31°, a short distance inland from a palace that existed there. This location is currently underwater.


Analysis
Using the connections with the Moon, it is possible to show that the number is 13.66, which connects the trilithon stones opposite each other. The connection is the trilithon stones aligned at 66° with the three evenly spaced stones inside the outer row. This number then reduces in ⅓'s as 66/44/22. The connection is the middle inner stone that doesn't align with another stone. Then, the 13 as 13° aligns two stones and reduces in ⅓'s as 13/8.6/4.3.

As the sidereal month number of 13.66 is linked, then 8.85 is split in two as 4.425°. This angle, though, is rotated to the outer stones towards the southwest. The angle pairs stones to the northeast.

Further numbers of the synodic month of 29.53 are split as 14.765°. This aligns the inner circle trilithons to the entrance towards the southwest, and this angle aligns the trilithons towards the northwest.



Conclusion 
A number of possibilities can be concluded here. The main possibility is that the site started as Neolithic and would have marked a point of interest. Then, shortly after Avebury was completed, Stonehenge was expanded and completed by about 2500 BC.

These builds would have coincided with the building of the pyramids at Giza, and it is understood that ancient Egyptians altered certain Neolithic structures to include their numbering system. These people would have shared ideas allowing Bronze Age people to incorporate some of these ideas into the build.

Another is the Moon phase lengths. These numbers are used as angles to pair stones, while further numbers are split in two.
Later, the site could have been lived in, appearing something like the image above. Further settlers might have made their own alterations.

The reason for the shape is not entirely clear, but it is understood that music was played there, and it was used as a gathering place or connected to a circle shortly after Avebury was completed. Due to the alterations, stones are missing, preventing demonstration of an octave pattern, but a pattern that suggests there was once a link remains as a reducing angle of a ⅓. Certain numbers produced above could imply frequency or octave.

It is possible that Stonehenge is aligned to the maximum tilt in 1985 AD, and it has a connection with the Avebury stone circle, as there may have been only 20 years between the two.
Due to the connection, the angle of 45° might be used. This could be correct towards the southeast, but an angle of 48° towards the southwest would be more accurate. If using the spacing between the stones and applying it towards the southeast, then an angle of 50° would be more accurate.
This could be from the five stones on the inside the perimeter at spacings of 10°/7°/7°/7° from an angle of 35° - 66°.
From 45° to 48° to 50°. These could be angles from 45° plus 3° and 5°. Further angles could also be present, but it is likely that there were some alterations and missing stones, preventing any alignment.

This could also be spacing as 5° and 2° working to 45°. It is possible to also find the further numbers from before.
Rotational alignment 45° - 52° = 7°
1st set stones aligned at 36° + 7°
2nd set stones aligned at 36° + 7° + 7°

The other angles would be 45°, 81°, 87°, and 93°.



Stonehenge

Archeology77 ©

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Tomb of Ramesses II

Tomb of Ramesses II Ramesses II, also known as Ramesses the Great , was buried in Tomb KV7 , located in the Valley of the Kings , Egypt. He was the son of Seti I and Tuya and reigned from 1279 to 1213 BCE. He constructed monuments at Abu Simbel , Abydos , Rame sseum, L uxor, a nd Karnak . Coordinates 25.740776,32.601625 Description Current measurements divide the tomb into three levels: level 1, the entrance corridor; level 2, the pillared chamber; and level 3, the burial chamber and rooms. 3D mapping of the tomb enables measurements to be taken. Measurements Entrance corridor; 22.90m by 2.61m /44 by 5 cubits Floor area: 220 sq cubits Opening in corridor 8.35m by 8.35m by 3.7m Floor area: 70 sq m² Volume: 259m³/1795 cubit³ Room off corridor 7.85×8.48×3.10 m Floor area: 66.50 sq m Volume: 206.4 m³/1442.5 cubit³ Room off corridor (2) 5.38×3.30×2.63 m Floor area: 46.7 sq m Volume 46.7 m³/326.4 cubit³ End of corridor 6.3×5.72×2.82 Floor area: 36 sq m Volume: 10...

Tomb of Tutankhamun

  Tomb of Tutankhamun The Tomb of Tutankhamun (KV62) is located in the Valley of the Kings , Egypt . It was excavated by archaeologist Howard Carter in 1922 . The tomb belonged to Tutankhamun, who reigned 1332–1323 BC . His tomb is considered mostly intact and free from water damage. It consists of four rooms and a corridor, some of which are decorated. Artifacts recovered from the tomb are available to be seen in the Grand Egyptian Museum in Giza . Coordinates 25.740406,32.601356 Description Tuta nkhamun' s tomb lies in the Valley of the Kings, facing east, and is near the tomb of Ramesses II .  Th e measurements, from a study of the tomb, are available online. These are both in metres and cubits . Corridor 14.2 × 1.7 metres 88 .25 cubits Antechamber 3.6 × 8  metres 105.29  cubits Annex 2.6 × 4.6  metres 43.72  cubits Burial Chamber 6.4 × 4.0  metres 93.59  cubits Treasury 3.8 × 4.7  metres 65.29  cubits The total floor...

Bryn Celli Ddu Chambered Tomb

Bryn Celli Ddu Chamber Tomb Bryn Celli Ddu Chambered Tomb is considered a pre historic tomb with some stone carvings. There are also a number of Neolithic stones scattered around the tomb, which are located on the Isle of Anglesey . Br yn Celli Ddu me ans "the mound in the dark grove." The tomb was archaeologically excavated in the 1920s . Coordinates 53.207714,-4.236147 Further monuments: The Bryn Celli Ddu Standing Stone is a short, rounded stone approximately 520 feet away from the Burial Chamber at an angle of 31 degrees to wa rd the southwest. The Tyddyn-Bach Standing Stone is a tall, neolithic stone along with a cleari ng approxi mately 1390 feet away from the Burial Chamber at an angle of 17 degrees toward the northwest. Description B ryn Celli Ddu measures about 90 feet wide but is not a complete circle, with a height of about 9 feet. The entrance opens out toward the northeast and currently measures 39°. Measurements If the stones are connected and mea...