Tomb of Ramesses IV The pharaoh Ramesses IV was buried in Tomb KV2, located in the Valley of the Kings, Egypt. The tombs of Ramesses II and VII are on either side. Ramesses died at the age of 27 in 1148 BC. He is connected to the Temple of Khonsu at Karnak. Coordinates 25.741530,32.602080 Description The tomb is of similar design to others in that it has a corridor to the burial chamber with side rooms. It is thought to be about 75 metres long and declines about 10 metres from the entrance. Chamber E, as the antechamber, has stars painted on the ceiling. Chamber K is built with side rooms, and the burial chamber J has a vaulted ceiling with astrological patterns along with the sarcophagus. Coptic monks were said to have lived in the tomb, and in the 19th century, explorers like Jean-François Champollion had camped there. Earlier, Romans were said to have left what is considered as graffiti in the tomb. Measurements These are the tombs' measurements in metres, including the a...
Dolmens of Spain
How a group of dolmens in southern Spain separated by 300kms are all connected by the same theme but not date. Below, they are listed with their attributes and reasons what they are and their connection with each other.
Dolmen de Soto +12°- +7° is 60m diameter (200 ft) with a 21.5m long passage way, 1.45m at entrance to 3m at peak. There are 63 stones internally split 30/33, but a further 3 stones are at locations 8.5 stones along on either side and one at 13.5 along nearer the southern side. This is probably a representation of Mt.Vesuvius with it's small hint of a pentagon shape (this volcano probably erupted in 25th century bc), it's caldera forms a similar shape but currently the extra stones which could represent features don’t coincide with anything. Although there is an entrance, it is 139° off Dolmen de Soto's entrance.
Dolmen de Guadalperal -15° is 56.25m (187.5 ft), an exposed dolmen with multiple stones and an entrance. This is most probably a representation of a volcanic eruption also in the 25th century bc of either Mount Etna or Mount Vesuvius. Mt.Vesuvius has been said to have erupted in 2420 bc which fits the dating of this construction but this is an altered date which had been listed at 2497 bc (it might have taken a year to construct after the date). (If assuming it is Mt.Etna) Although it is at 15° the volcanos caldera is (Cratere di Nord-Est) at 80° and if measured from the centre is 83°. This 3° and shape could then also connect to Tholos de El Romeral, which is a similiar shape and has a 3° difference off entrance angle and centre to entrance angle.
This isn't the only caldera in this shape. The 15° could be the direction of the eruption with the shape used from a group of three. This then connects to the group of three dolmens Tholos de El Romeral, Dolmen de Viera, and Dolmen de Menga through shape and number.
Tholos de El Romeral is at 15° (12°), 5-8° off, but could connect with the 85° difference from -15° to +80°. It is also possible that the Dolmen of Guadalperal could then be a representation of all three calderas in a group at Mt.Etna, made up of Boccu Nuova, Cratere di Nord-Est and Cratere di Sud-Est. (The shape of Boccu Nuova, openness of Cratere di Nord-Est, and the structure of Cratere di Sud-Est all adding together getting an eruption from Cratere di Sud-Est as the structure opens in that direction.)
Using the 139° from Dolmen de Soto, the lower right is angled at 15° the 139° anti-clockwise centres at the large caldera made up of two parts. 24° also represents the lower right and 139° anti-clockwise aligns just with the centre of the large caldera.
Dolmens
This group of three is a different shape but comparable to any shapes of craters at the caldera. They could be two rectangular shapes together or a circle and rectangle together, with the date the circular dolmen is the later, but as these represent eruptions, they can connect in any order when they occurred.
With the addition of the later Tholos de El Romeral dolmen, a different connection appears. Also, the construction is more that of a dwelling than a dolmen.
Dolmen de Menga 45° is 27.5 metres (90 ft) long, 6 metres (20 ft) wide and 3.5 metres (11 ft) high, and was built with thirty-two megaliths, the largest weighing about 180 tonnes. These are split 14 per side, of which 2 are outside and a further 3 in the middle.
Dolmen de Viera -5° is 70 metres (230 ft) from the Dolmen de Viera and about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from another subterranean structure known as Tholos de El Romeral. Its passage is 20m long, and the entrance is 1.2m, which widens to 1.8m at the end. Tholos de El Romeral 15°
Tholos de El Romeral is at 15° (12° to centre) and contains two chambers, a 4.2m wide and a 2m wide. Although there are capstones, the walls in the passage are corbelled, and because of this and the remains found are dated later, it is comparable in style from building in the Mediterranean area.
The spacing of the builds at 70m and 4023m don't match the Mount Etna peaks separation. The dolmens of Tholos de El Romeral, Dolmen de Viera and Dolmen de Menga, have though been built with a connection to the radian. (A circle being 2 pi radian and pi radians per 180°). This, though, is only correct with the addition of the later dolmen. Otherwise, they are just separated by 70m.
Dolmens separation distances and angles of their entrances.
70-4023m
4023-70=3953
3953−1985=1968
1968-1985=17
70÷4023=0.01739
In a triangle 70 by 4023, an angle of about 1° (which is also 0.017453 rad) is produced. Using the angles of these three dolmens, then the following are produced along with excepted meaning.
15 rad = 859.437° = 2.39 rotations (Seconds/° degree equatorial rotation ÷100)
5 rad = 286.479° = 0.8 rotations ((cos(37.74°)×40075)÷40075)=0.8 circumference ratio at this location)
45 rad = 2578.31° = 7.162 rotations (4620.627−1985=2635.63 bc)
Here, it shows that it is the 15° entrance from Tholos de El Romeral, which is the later dolmen that fits in as good as any.
In these equations, the angle of the entrance is multiplied by a radian (57.296°) with the answer being divided by 360° giving rotations. Although without the later dolmen, rad can still be used, giving latitude and a possible date of 2635 bc, the longitude of Mt.Etna is exactly 15° which is the current longitude from Greenwich since 1851. So if the latitude at 37.74° is used a possibility is that the number from 45° is used connecting it together, one possibility is circumference at that latitude ÷ number produced, minus 1985.
How a group of dolmens in southern Spain separated by 300kms are all connected by the same theme but not date. Below, they are listed with their attributes and reasons what they are and their connection with each other.
Dolmen de Soto +12°- +7° is 60m diameter (200 ft) with a 21.5m long passage way, 1.45m at entrance to 3m at peak. There are 63 stones internally split 30/33, but a further 3 stones are at locations 8.5 stones along on either side and one at 13.5 along nearer the southern side. This is probably a representation of Mt.Vesuvius with it's small hint of a pentagon shape (this volcano probably erupted in 25th century bc), it's caldera forms a similar shape but currently the extra stones which could represent features don’t coincide with anything. Although there is an entrance, it is 139° off Dolmen de Soto's entrance.
Dolmen de Guadalperal -15° is 56.25m (187.5 ft), an exposed dolmen with multiple stones and an entrance. This is most probably a representation of a volcanic eruption also in the 25th century bc of either Mount Etna or Mount Vesuvius. Mt.Vesuvius has been said to have erupted in 2420 bc which fits the dating of this construction but this is an altered date which had been listed at 2497 bc (it might have taken a year to construct after the date). (If assuming it is Mt.Etna) Although it is at 15° the volcanos caldera is (Cratere di Nord-Est) at 80° and if measured from the centre is 83°. This 3° and shape could then also connect to Tholos de El Romeral, which is a similiar shape and has a 3° difference off entrance angle and centre to entrance angle.
This isn't the only caldera in this shape. The 15° could be the direction of the eruption with the shape used from a group of three. This then connects to the group of three dolmens Tholos de El Romeral, Dolmen de Viera, and Dolmen de Menga through shape and number.
Tholos de El Romeral is at 15° (12°), 5-8° off, but could connect with the 85° difference from -15° to +80°. It is also possible that the Dolmen of Guadalperal could then be a representation of all three calderas in a group at Mt.Etna, made up of Boccu Nuova, Cratere di Nord-Est and Cratere di Sud-Est. (The shape of Boccu Nuova, openness of Cratere di Nord-Est, and the structure of Cratere di Sud-Est all adding together getting an eruption from Cratere di Sud-Est as the structure opens in that direction.)
Using the 139° from Dolmen de Soto, the lower right is angled at 15° the 139° anti-clockwise centres at the large caldera made up of two parts. 24° also represents the lower right and 139° anti-clockwise aligns just with the centre of the large caldera.
Dolmens
This group of three is a different shape but comparable to any shapes of craters at the caldera. They could be two rectangular shapes together or a circle and rectangle together, with the date the circular dolmen is the later, but as these represent eruptions, they can connect in any order when they occurred.
With the addition of the later Tholos de El Romeral dolmen, a different connection appears. Also, the construction is more that of a dwelling than a dolmen.
Dolmen de Menga 45° is 27.5 metres (90 ft) long, 6 metres (20 ft) wide and 3.5 metres (11 ft) high, and was built with thirty-two megaliths, the largest weighing about 180 tonnes. These are split 14 per side, of which 2 are outside and a further 3 in the middle.
Dolmen de Viera -5° is 70 metres (230 ft) from the Dolmen de Viera and about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from another subterranean structure known as Tholos de El Romeral. Its passage is 20m long, and the entrance is 1.2m, which widens to 1.8m at the end. Tholos de El Romeral 15°
Tholos de El Romeral is at 15° (12° to centre) and contains two chambers, a 4.2m wide and a 2m wide. Although there are capstones, the walls in the passage are corbelled, and because of this and the remains found are dated later, it is comparable in style from building in the Mediterranean area.
The spacing of the builds at 70m and 4023m don't match the Mount Etna peaks separation. The dolmens of Tholos de El Romeral, Dolmen de Viera and Dolmen de Menga, have though been built with a connection to the radian. (A circle being 2 pi radian and pi radians per 180°). This, though, is only correct with the addition of the later dolmen. Otherwise, they are just separated by 70m.
Dolmens separation distances and angles of their entrances.
70-4023m
4023-70=3953
3953−1985=1968
1968-1985=17
70÷4023=0.01739
In a triangle 70 by 4023, an angle of about 1° (which is also 0.017453 rad) is produced. Using the angles of these three dolmens, then the following are produced along with excepted meaning.
15 rad = 859.437° = 2.39 rotations (Seconds/° degree equatorial rotation ÷100)
5 rad = 286.479° = 0.8 rotations ((cos(37.74°)×40075)÷40075)=0.8 circumference ratio at this location)
45 rad = 2578.31° = 7.162 rotations (4620.627−1985=2635.63 bc)
Here, it shows that it is the 15° entrance from Tholos de El Romeral, which is the later dolmen that fits in as good as any.
In these equations, the angle of the entrance is multiplied by a radian (57.296°) with the answer being divided by 360° giving rotations. Although without the later dolmen, rad can still be used, giving latitude and a possible date of 2635 bc, the longitude of Mt.Etna is exactly 15° which is the current longitude from Greenwich since 1851. So if the latitude at 37.74° is used a possibility is that the number from 45° is used connecting it together, one possibility is circumference at that latitude ÷ number produced, minus 1985.
(31691.1663÷7.162)−1985=2439.9 bc
This is then much nearer to an eruption date (but importantly after it occured), with the addition of Tholos de El Romeral with the builders interpreting it as a connection to the radian from its circular shape. It is also possible a date of 2635 bc is accurate, but documented eruptions don’t fit into this date. This makes the 2439 bc date nearer to a documented eruption.
As there are multiple calderas at Mount Etna, which are both oblong and round, the Dolmen de Menga, Dolmen de Viera, and Tholos de El Romeral could represent these. They might not have been together, but if they represent an eruption, they would then coincide with eruptions, which are documented. The Neolithic people used dates from angles, so this is expected. The use of a radian was rare until the 19th century bc were a measure 57.25° wasn't accurate enough to define the angles used in astrological measurements.
Conclusion
These dolmens were probably constructed very soon after an eruption. Thus, dating one should date the other with the exception of Tholos de El Romera. The clean appearance of Tholos de El Romera and finds not only dates this later but is also comparable in construction to much more modern builds. An example like Phaistos' Palace on Crete with it's trade routes in 19th century bc show the quality of craftsmanship that went into building it, this is possibly suggesting people of the eastern Mediterranean were the builders.
Dolmen of Guadalperal
Tholos de El Romeral
Dolmen of Viera
Dolmen of Menga
Researchgate.net/dolmen
Archeology77 ©
This is then much nearer to an eruption date (but importantly after it occured), with the addition of Tholos de El Romeral with the builders interpreting it as a connection to the radian from its circular shape. It is also possible a date of 2635 bc is accurate, but documented eruptions don’t fit into this date. This makes the 2439 bc date nearer to a documented eruption.
As there are multiple calderas at Mount Etna, which are both oblong and round, the Dolmen de Menga, Dolmen de Viera, and Tholos de El Romeral could represent these. They might not have been together, but if they represent an eruption, they would then coincide with eruptions, which are documented. The Neolithic people used dates from angles, so this is expected. The use of a radian was rare until the 19th century bc were a measure 57.25° wasn't accurate enough to define the angles used in astrological measurements.
Conclusion
These dolmens were probably constructed very soon after an eruption. Thus, dating one should date the other with the exception of Tholos de El Romera. The clean appearance of Tholos de El Romera and finds not only dates this later but is also comparable in construction to much more modern builds. An example like Phaistos' Palace on Crete with it's trade routes in 19th century bc show the quality of craftsmanship that went into building it, this is possibly suggesting people of the eastern Mediterranean were the builders.
Dolmen of Guadalperal
Tholos de El Romeral
Dolmen of Viera
Dolmen of Menga
Researchgate.net/dolmen
Archeology77 ©
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