Gorsedd Circle The Gorsedd Cir cle is a stone circle in Fishguard, Wa les. T he Gorsedd Stone s are a Welsh tradition of modern stone circles constructed for the National Eisteddfod of Wales. These stone circles can be found at several locations, including Ab erdare Park and A nglesey. They are typically 20 meters wide and have 12 stones on the circumference with a level stone in the circle. A further stone is usually set back from the circumference, the central stone is called the Logan Stone. Coordinates 51.996431,-4.975040 Stone Circle Gorsedd Circle is a typical stone circle but has 13 stones on the circumference with one inset. It was erected in 1936 and has the names of the parishes inscribed on each stone. Ceremony During the opening ceremony, the Archdruid stands on the Logan Stone facing the Stone of the Covenant. Two stones mark the entrance and are called the Portal Stones. These mar k the midsummer and midwinter sunrises. Gorsedd Circle (no edit) Archeology77 ©
Twelve Apostles Stone Circle
The Twelve Apostles is a stone circle near Ilkley in West Yorkshire, not to be confused by The Twelve Apostles Stone Circle located between the villages of Holywood and Newbridge, near Dumfries, Scotland.
The circle was originally thought to have between 16 and 20 stones and has a width of 15m.
Coordinates
53.9016, -1.809494
Dimensions
The circle is about 15 metres wide, but because 15m is about 49 feet and there are stones at 8°/4° and 9° separation, this may be 48/49 ft wide or 14.60m.
Interpretation
If the stones are paired, there are two separate stones left at an angle of 67°.
At right angles to this line (23°) a line is drawn to the furthest west stone and angles are taken of the stones from the cross point, the pairs of stones are split 2/3 pairs.
The following angles are achieved, and using 11 as root and 11,11 as cubed root, the following sums are achieved. This is then subtracted from peak obliquity in 6642 bc. Two stones in a pair and the stone where the line goes over are not used but are at 5°/8°/4°.
15°/11°/11°/14°/12°
15׳√(1412)=168.281
168.281×(4×9)=6058.131
6058.131−6642=583.869
Or 584 ad
Because 584 ad is 'unlikely' to be a year of stone circle building, then using this year as 0.584° obliquity, a year is derived of 3003 bc.
0.584÷1.2=0.4867
0.4867×10250=4988.33
4988.33−1985=3003.33
Because obliquity is being used, then it could be from mid point obliquity giving 1417 bc.
4988.33−(1985+1586)=1417 bc
Although this could just be a year and nothing more, with another pair of stones equaling a date of construction.
The Twelve Apostles is a stone circle near Ilkley in West Yorkshire, not to be confused by The Twelve Apostles Stone Circle located between the villages of Holywood and Newbridge, near Dumfries, Scotland.
The circle was originally thought to have between 16 and 20 stones and has a width of 15m.
Coordinates
53.9016, -1.809494
Dimensions
The circle is about 15 metres wide, but because 15m is about 49 feet and there are stones at 8°/4° and 9° separation, this may be 48/49 ft wide or 14.60m.
Interpretation
If the stones are paired, there are two separate stones left at an angle of 67°.
At right angles to this line (23°) a line is drawn to the furthest west stone and angles are taken of the stones from the cross point, the pairs of stones are split 2/3 pairs.
The following angles are achieved, and using 11 as root and 11,11 as cubed root, the following sums are achieved. This is then subtracted from peak obliquity in 6642 bc. Two stones in a pair and the stone where the line goes over are not used but are at 5°/8°/4°.
15°/11°/11°/14°/12°
15׳√(1412)=168.281
168.281×(4×9)=6058.131
6058.131−6642=583.869
Or 584 ad
Because 584 ad is 'unlikely' to be a year of stone circle building, then using this year as 0.584° obliquity, a year is derived of 3003 bc.
0.584÷1.2=0.4867
0.4867×10250=4988.33
4988.33−1985=3003.33
Because obliquity is being used, then it could be from mid point obliquity giving 1417 bc.
4988.33−(1985+1586)=1417 bc
Although this could just be a year and nothing more, with another pair of stones equaling a date of construction.
Also, it is possible that it equates to pairs of stars. Pairs of stars in the shape of this circle could be plentiful, as planetary clusters are round.
There are also carvings along with cup-and-ring marks, which are known to have been used between 3200 and 1500 bc and were used to represent stars. Both dates fall between these years.
Constellation
Because two separate stones are left, it is possible this is a starting point with a right ascension of 1–2 hours.
Constellation
Because two separate stones are left, it is possible this is a starting point with a right ascension of 1–2 hours.
In this region, the constellation Andromeda is located, and to the right of Gamma Andromedae is a circle of stars that are almost in pairs.
Gamma Andromedae
Right ascension 02h 03m 54.0s
Declination +42° 19′ 47″
Depending on which chart is used, then these stars could match. Also, in this area of the sky is the M31 Andromeda Galaxy.
No stones exist in the location of M31, but the stone that was marked at an angle of 15° is at an angle of 7° from the centre.
As measurements are forward aligned to maximum tilt, then Andromeda's coordinates can be used, right ascension 42m as 252° and declination +41 as 48°-7°.
Andromeda Galaxy
Right ascension 00h 42m 44.3s
Declination +41° 16′ 9″
42 mins as 252°
360÷60=6
42×6=252°
If the measurement is from the horizon, then rotating clockwise 252° gives 72° towards the southeast, this doesn't align with Andromeda until 14° is subtracted, and by doing so misaligns with all stones.
The two years obtained were 1417 bc and 3003 bc, neither 14° or 17° align to any stones, using angles of 30° clockwise and anti-clockwise to align the stones, possible equations are produced.
Anti-clockwise
1,2,2,1,1,1,1,1
³√(1221)=10.6882
Clockwise
1,1,1,2,1,1,1,2
³√(12)׳√(12)=5.2415
The two numbers multipled give 56°, so using this angle, the following are produced and possible equations.
Anti-clockwise
2,1,1,2,2,1,1,1
³√(22)×√(2)=3.9627
Clockwise
1,1,2,1,1,1,1,1,2
2׳√(1211)=21.32
These two numbers multipled give an answer of 84.48. In the group of stars to the right of Gamma Andromedae which are in the shape of a circle, the two stones which aligned at 8° and 4° match with the brightest star in the constellation.
Gamma Andromedae
Right ascension 02h 03m 54.0s
Declination +42° 19′ 47″
Depending on which chart is used, then these stars could match. Also, in this area of the sky is the M31 Andromeda Galaxy.
No stones exist in the location of M31, but the stone that was marked at an angle of 15° is at an angle of 7° from the centre.
As measurements are forward aligned to maximum tilt, then Andromeda's coordinates can be used, right ascension 42m as 252° and declination +41 as 48°-7°.
Andromeda Galaxy
Right ascension 00h 42m 44.3s
Declination +41° 16′ 9″
42 mins as 252°
360÷60=6
42×6=252°
If the measurement is from the horizon, then rotating clockwise 252° gives 72° towards the southeast, this doesn't align with Andromeda until 14° is subtracted, and by doing so misaligns with all stones.
The two years obtained were 1417 bc and 3003 bc, neither 14° or 17° align to any stones, using angles of 30° clockwise and anti-clockwise to align the stones, possible equations are produced.
Anti-clockwise
1,2,2,1,1,1,1,1
³√(1221)=10.6882
Clockwise
1,1,1,2,1,1,1,2
³√(12)׳√(12)=5.2415
The two numbers multipled give 56°, so using this angle, the following are produced and possible equations.
Anti-clockwise
2,1,1,2,2,1,1,1
³√(22)×√(2)=3.9627
Clockwise
1,1,2,1,1,1,1,1,2
2׳√(1211)=21.32
These two numbers multipled give an answer of 84.48. In the group of stars to the right of Gamma Andromedae which are in the shape of a circle, the two stones which aligned at 8° and 4° match with the brightest star in the constellation.
(From above clockwise rotation the number is probably (2×1)׳√(1211)=21.32)
Conclusion
This isn't the only circular group of stars, but it is between right ascension 1hr-2hr.
It includes obliquity, a constellation, and two lots of equations that lead to two of the angled stones that have the brightest star at a point between them and are forward aligned.
The 56° is a good match for Andromeda and the 8° and 4° angled stones which were used to show the brightest star. The connection with Andromeda is unclear.
If putting the angles onto the constellation, then it is an angle of 17° from the same point from the circle where the brightest star is located.
This is then the 17 from the 1417 bc year with the 3003 bc year used as an alignment.
With both years used for angles, neither is probably correct for dates or a year.
The following shows that a different interpretation for Andromeda's Galaxy exists.
Conclusion
This isn't the only circular group of stars, but it is between right ascension 1hr-2hr.
It includes obliquity, a constellation, and two lots of equations that lead to two of the angled stones that have the brightest star at a point between them and are forward aligned.
The 56° is a good match for Andromeda and the 8° and 4° angled stones which were used to show the brightest star. The connection with Andromeda is unclear.
If putting the angles onto the constellation, then it is an angle of 17° from the same point from the circle where the brightest star is located.
This is then the 17 from the 1417 bc year with the 3003 bc year used as an alignment.
With both years used for angles, neither is probably correct for dates or a year.
The following shows that a different interpretation for Andromeda's Galaxy exists.
This is 21° of a 360° circle, of which there are about 17.14 times of 42 minutes. This number is inverted from the 1417 number like the equations.
360÷(12×60)=0.5
0.5×42=21°
21÷360=0.05833
1÷(0.05833)=17.143
The 3003 year can be a coordinate as 30°, 03° or in a 30×0.03 triangle. An angle of 0.0573° is produced, and it's recepical gives a number similar to the above at 17.45.
Because obliquity was used, then the difference between the two numbers of 0.309 could give a date.
17.143-17.45=0.309
((0.309÷1.2)×10250)−1985=654.43
This could demonstrate a date from a maximum tilt of 654 bc, which would put it in the Iron Age.
This is not the only Iron Age stone circle as there is the Drombeg Stone Circle dating to a possible 600-864 bc. This would put the two around about the same date with them both sharing an astronomical representation.
Although after this, there are only eight stars in this group but there is a further circular grouping in the right ascension 1h-2h, which has twelve stars in their group.
360÷(12×60)=0.5
0.5×42=21°
21÷360=0.05833
1÷(0.05833)=17.143
The 3003 year can be a coordinate as 30°, 03° or in a 30×0.03 triangle. An angle of 0.0573° is produced, and it's recepical gives a number similar to the above at 17.45.
Because obliquity was used, then the difference between the two numbers of 0.309 could give a date.
17.143-17.45=0.309
((0.309÷1.2)×10250)−1985=654.43
This could demonstrate a date from a maximum tilt of 654 bc, which would put it in the Iron Age.
This is not the only Iron Age stone circle as there is the Drombeg Stone Circle dating to a possible 600-864 bc. This would put the two around about the same date with them both sharing an astronomical representation.
Although after this, there are only eight stars in this group but there is a further circular grouping in the right ascension 1h-2h, which has twelve stars in their group.
The constellation Triangulum is angled as if pointing towards it, with the constellation Aries to its side. From this the 56° no longer aligns, but the 8° and 4° could align with a bright star.
It is possible that both circular groups of stars could be represented in the same circle. Some stones might be buried.
Twelve Apostles, West Yorkshire
Andromeda
Archeology77 ©
It is possible that both circular groups of stars could be represented in the same circle. Some stones might be buried.
Twelve Apostles, West Yorkshire
Andromeda
Archeology77 ©
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